Antidilutive Securities [Axis]
Warrants [Member]
MajorCustomers [Axis]
Vendor One [Member]
Concentration Risk Benchmark [Axis]
Accounts Payable [Member]
Common Stock Equivalent of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]
Type of Arrangement and Non-arrangement Transactions [Axis]
Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Debt Instrument [Axis]
Raptor Note [Member]
Statement Equity Components [Axis]
Common Stock [Member]
Preferred Stock [Member]
Common Stock Issuable [Member]
Additional Paid In Capital [Member]
Accumulated Deficit [Member]
Customer One [Member]
Accounts Receivable [Member]
Vendor Two [Member]
Options [Member]
Unvested Restricted Common Stock [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Type [Axis]
Computer Hardware and Software [Member]
Financing Agreement [Member]
Legal Entity [Axis]
Rosenthal and Rosenthal, Inc. [Member]
Range [Axis]
Maximum [Member]
Minimum [Member]
Title of Individual [Axis]
Daniel J. Doherty [Member]
Ownership [Axis]
Reeds Inc. [Member]
Raptor/Harbor Reeds SPV LLC [Member]
Convertible Note to a Related Party [Member]
Right-of-use Assets Under Operating Leases [Member]
California Custom Beverage, LLC [Member]
Chris Reed [Member]
Convertible Notes [Member]
Award Type [Axis]
Restricted Stock [Member]
Statement Equity Components [Axis]
Right-of-use Assets Under Finance Leases [Member]
Vendor Three [Member]
Subsequent Event Type [Axis]
Subsequent Event [Member]
Sale of Stock [Axis]
Public Offering [Member]
Sales Revenue, Net [Member]
Customer Two [Member]
Vendor [Member]
Plan Name [Axis]
2017 Incentive Compensation Plan [Member]
Employees [Member]
Consultants Board Members and Former Employees [Member]
Customer Three [Member]
A Director and Two Executive Employees [Member]
Stock Options [Member]
Stock Warrants [Member]
Scenario [Axis]
Four Years from the Date of Grant [Member]
Cares Act [Member]
Document And Entity Information
Entity Registrant Name
Entity Central Index Key
Document Type
Document Period End Date
Amendment Flag
Current Fiscal Year End Date
Entity Current Reporting Status
Entity Interactive Data Current
Entity Filer Category
Entity Small Business Flag
Entity Emerging Growth Company
Entity Shell Company
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding
Document Fiscal Period Focus
Document Fiscal Year Focus
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts and returns and discounts of $282 and $375, respectively
Receivable from related party
Inventory, net of reserve for obsolescence of $262 and $646, respectively
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Total current assets
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $520 and $482, respectively
Equipment held for sale, net of impairment reserves of $96 and $96, respectively
Intangible assets
Total assets
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Revolving line of credit
Current portion of leases payable
Total current liabilities
Leases payable, less current portion
Convertible note to a related party
Warrant liability
Total liabilities
Stockholders' equity (deficit):
Series A Convertible Preferred stock, $10 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, 9,411 shares issued and outstanding
Common stock, $.0001 par value, 100,000,000 and 100,000,000 shares authorized, respectively; 47,595,206 and 47,595,206 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
Common stock issuable, 350,000 shares at March 31, 2020
Additional paid in capital
Accumulated deficit
Total stockholders' equity (deficit)
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit)
Accounts receivable, allowance for doubtful accounts and returns and discounts
Inventory, reserve for obsolescence net
Property and equipment, accumulated depreciation
Equipment, impairment reserves
Series A convertible preferred stock, par value
Series A convertible preferred stock, shares authorized
Series A convertible preferred stock, shares issued
Series A convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding
Common stock, par value
Common stock, shares authorized
Common stock, shares issued
Common stock, shares outstanding
Common stock, shares issuable
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net Sales
Cost of goods sold
Gross profit
Operating expenses:
Delivery and handling expense
Selling and marketing expense
General and administrative expense
Gain on sale of assets
Total operating expenses
Loss from operations
Interest expense
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Net loss
Net loss per share - basic and diluted
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic and diluted
Statement [Table]
Statement [Line Items]
Equity Components [Axis]
Balance
Balance, shares
Fair value of vested options
Fair value of vested restricted shares granted to officers
Fair value of vested restricted shares granted to officers, shares
Shares granted to Directors for services
Shares granted to Directors for services, shares
Common shares issued pursuant to the rights offering, net of offering costs
Common shares issued pursuant to the rights offering, net of offering costs, shares
Exercise of warrants
Exercise of warrants, shares
Net Loss
Balance
Balance, shares
Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation
Gain on sale of property & equipment
Amortization of debt discount
Amortization of right of use assets
Fair value of vested options
Fair value of vested restricted shares granted to officers
Common stock issued for services
Decrease in allowance for doubtful accounts
Decrease in inventory reserve
Change in fair value of warrant liability
Accrual of interest on convertible note to a related party
Lease liability
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable
Inventory
Prepaid expenses and other assets
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Net cash used in operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment
Purchase of property and equipment
Net cash used in investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings on line of credit
Repayments of line of credit
Repayment of amounts due to/from officers
Principal repayments on capital lease obligation
Exercise of warrants
Proceeds from sale of common stock
Net cash provided by financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash
Cash at beginning of period
Cash at end of period
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation and Liquidity
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Significant Accounting Policies
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Inventory
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and Equipment
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Intangible Assets
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Line of Credit
Convertible Note to a Related Party
Leases [Abstract]
Leases Payable
Warrants and Rights Note Disclosure [Abstract]
Warrant Liability
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock Warrants
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related Party Activities
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events
Use of Estimates
Revenue Recognition
Loss Per Common Share
Stock Compensation Expense
Advertising Costs
Concentrations
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Schedule of Potentially Dilutive Securities
Schedule of Inventory
Schedule of Property and Equipment
Schedule of Equipment Held for Sale
Schedule of Amount Outstanding Under Credit Facilities
Schedule of Convertible Notes
Schedule of Warrant Liability Using Assumptions
Schedule of Warrant Liability
Summary of Non-vested Restricted Stock Activity
Schedule of Stock Option Activity
Schedule of Warrant Activity
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Axis]
Net cash used in operating activities
Cash balance
Borrowing capacity
Stockholder's equity (deficit)
Working capital
Issuance of common stock
Common stock price per share
Proceeds from offering
Proceeds from loan
Long-Lived Tangible Asset [Axis]
Statistical Measurement [Axis]
Customer [Axis]
Accounting Standards Update [Axis]
Advertising costs
Percentage of sale accounted to customer
Warrant liabilities
Potentially dilutive securities
Raw materials and packaging
Finished products
Total
Depreciation expense
Total cost
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
Net book value
Equipment held for sale
Reserve
Net book value
Impairment of intangible assets
Related Party [Axis]
Award Date [Axis]
Line credit, borrowing limit
Excess of permitted borrowing amount
Unused borrowing capacity
Line of credit maturity date
Line of credit, interest rate
Minimum monthly fees
Letter of credit
Ownership percentage
Amount of additional advances
Warrant outstanding shares
Warrant exercise price
Warrant exercise price, amount reduced
Increase in fair value of warrants
Direct costs for transaction
Cost of warrant modification
Additional fees incurred from bank
Percentage of borrowing limit
Debt instrument, term
Line of Credit
Capitalized finance costs
Net balance
Secured convertible debt principal amount
Number of warrants to purchase of common stock
Ownership percentage
Convertible note interest rate percentage
Debt maturity date
Note conversion price per share
Warrant expiration date
Note term
Amount of additional advances
12% Convertible Note Payable
Accrued Interest
Total obligation
Right-of-use assets
Weighted average discount rate for operating lease
Office equipment value
Capitalized leases reclassified to right of use assets
Accumulated Amortization of right of use asset
Finance leases liability
Operating leases liability
Payments of finance lease liability
Payments of operating lease liability
Financing lease current due
Operating lease current due
Weighted average remaining lease term for operating lease
Weighted average remaining lease term for finance lease
Weighted average discount rate for finance lease
Stock Price
Risk free interest rate
Expected Volatility
Expected life in years
Expected dividend yield
Number of Warrants containing fundamental transaction provisions
Fair Value of Warrants
Beginning Balance
Change in fair value
Ending balance
Number of restricted shares issued
Vesting, description
Number of shares vested immediately
Number of options vested
Number of shares to be vested during period
Vesting period
Value of restricted shares issued
Market price per share
Number of restricted shares, value
Aggregate value of unvested compensation
Number of options to be issued
Number of option issued
Stock price
Stock options expiration period
Fair value of options granted
Expected term
Volatility
Dividend rate
Risk-free interest rate
Amortization period of option fair value
Fair value of vested stock option
Outstanding options, intrinsic value
Unvested Shares, beginning balance
Unvested Shares, Granted
Unvested Shares, Vested
Unvested Shares, Issued
Unvested Shares, ending balance
Number of Issuable Shares, beginning balance
Number of Issuable Shares, Granted
Number of Issuable Shares, Vested
Number of Issuable Shares, Issued
Number of Issuable Shares, ending balance
Fair Value Unvested, beginning balance
Fair Value, Granted
Fair Value, Vested
Fair Value, Issued
Fair Value, Unvested, ending balance
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Unvested, beginning balance
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Granted
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Issued
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Unvested, ending balance
Derivative Instrument [Axis]
Shares Outstanding, Beginning balance
Shares, Granted
Shares, Exercised
Shares, Unvested forfeited or expired
Shares, Vested forfeited or expired
Shares Outstanding, Ending Balance
Shares Exercisable, Ending Balance
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Granted
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Unvested forfeited or expired
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Vested forfeited or expired
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending Balance
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable Ending Balance
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Terms (Years), Outstanding Beginning
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Terms (Years), Outstanding Ending Balance
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Terms (Years), Exercisable Ending Balance
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Shares Outstanding, Ending Balance
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Shares Exercisable Ending Balance
Warrant to purchase common stock
Number of warrants outstanding, value
Shares Outstanding, Beginning Balance
Shares, Exercised
Shares, Forfeited or expired
Shares Outstanding, Ending Balance
Shares Exercisable, Ending Balance
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding Beginning Balance
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Forfeited or expired
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding Ending Balance
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable Ending Balance
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Terms (Years), Outstanding Beginning Balance
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Terms (Years), Outstanding Ending Balance
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Terms (Years), Exercisable Ending Balance
Aggregate Intrinsic Value Shares Outstanding Beginning
Aggregate Intrinsic Value Shares Outstanding Ending
Aggregate Intrinsic Value Shares Exercisable Ending
Related Party Transaction [Axis]
Vesting [Axis]
Deposit of security with lessor
Number of common stock placed
Value of common stock paced
Royalty percentage
Referral fee percentage
Receivable from related party
Inventory advances
Amount received from related party
Number of common stock issued
Proceeds from public offering
Common stock bid price description
Description of listed securities
Accrual of interest on Convertible note to a related party.
Administrative and office management services [Member]
Amended and restated subordinated convertible non redeemable secured note [Member]
Amortization period of option fair value.
Amount of additional advances.
April 2019 [Member]
Backstop Agreement [Member]
Bank Notes [Member]
Board of Directors [Member]
CAPEX Loan [Member]
California Custom Beverage, LLC [Member]
Capitalized finance costs.
Capitalized leases reclassified to right of use assets.
Chief Executive Officer and Board Members [Member]
Chris Reed [Member]
Chris Reed, Robert Reed & Dan Miles [Member]
Christopher J. Reed [Member]
Class of warrant or right number of securitie exercisable.
Class of warrant or right number of securitie exercisable aggregate intrinsic value.
Class of warrant or right number of securitie outstanding aggregate intrinsic value.
Class of warrant or right number of securitie outstanding weighted average remaining contractual terms.
Class of warrant or right number of securitie outstanding weighted average remaining contractual terms1.
Class of warrant or right number of securities exercisable weighted average exercise price.
Class of warrant or right number of securities exercised.
Class of warrant or right number of securities exercised weighted average exercise price.
Class of warrant or right number of securities forfeited weighted average exercise price.
Class of warrant or right number of securities forfited or expired,
Class of warrant or right number of securities outstanding weighted average exercise price.
Co-packing Agreement [Member]
Common shares issued upon exercise of warrants, net.
Common shares issued upon exercise of warrants, net, shares..
Common stock bid price description.
Common Stock Issuable [Member]
Computers and Office Equipment [Member]
Consultants [Member]
Convertible Note [Member]
Convertible Note to a Related Party [Member]
Convertible Note to a Related Party [Text Block]
Convertible Notes [Member]
Corporate Secretary [Member]
Cost of warrant modification.
Current Shareholders Chairman Institutional Investors [Member]
Custom Element.
Customer Three [Member]
Custom Element.
Dan Miles [Member]
Daniel J. Doherty [Member]
Cost incurred during the reporting period in transporting goods and services to customers. Includes freight-out costs.
Directors [Member]
Directors and Officers [Member]
During Two Thousand Ninteen [Member]
Employees [Member]
Employee Officers and Directors [Member]
Employment Agreement [Member]
Equipment held for sale.
Equipment held for sale, net of reserve.
Equipment, impairment reserves.
Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Amount of expense (income) related to adjustment to fair value of warrant liability.
Fair value of vested options.
Financing Agreement [Member]
Financing Obligation [Member]
First Loan [Member]
Founder and Chief Information Officer and Director [Member]
Fundamental Transaction Provision [Member]
Increase (decrease) in inventory reserve.
Amount of increase in fair value of warrants.
Increase in Prime [Member]
Independent Directors [Member]
Inventory advances.
Iris Snyder [Member]
Issuance Date [Member
Judy Reed [Member]
Letter of credit.
Lindsay martin [Member]
Excess of permitted borrwing amount.
Line of credit including capitalized finance costs.
Line of Credit (Prime Plus) [Member]
Lisa Cohane [Member]
Loan and Security Agreement [Member]
Long Term Financing Obligation [Member]
Los Angeles Plant [Member]
Machinery Equipment Furniture and Fixtures [Member]
Members of Board of Directors [Member]
Minimum monthly fees.
Modification Date [Member
Mr. Miles [Member]
Mr Valentin Stalowir [Member]
New Board Members [Member]
New Financing Agreement [Member]
New Warrants [Member]
No Other Customer [Member]
No Other Vendor [Member]
Norman E. Snyder, Jr. [Member]
October 2018 [Member]
October 4, 2018 [Member]
October 2018 [Member]
Office and Board Member [Member]
One Customer [Member]
One Vendor [Member]
Operating Lease Liability [Member]
PMC Revolving Line of Credit [Member]
Payment For Related Party Service [Member]
Pmc financial services group LLC [Member]
Proceeds from sale of common stock.
Public Offering [Member]
Range Four [Member]
Range One [Member]
Range Three [Member]
Range Two [Member]
Raptor/Harbor Reeds SPV LLC [Member]
Raptor [Member]
Raptor Note [Member]
Raptor SPV LLC [Member]
Reduced Price Per Share [Member]
Reeds Inc [Member]
Referral fee percentage.
Reserve.
Restricted Common Stock [Member]
Revolving Line of Credit [Member]
Right-of-use Assets Under Finance Leases
Right-of-use Assets Under Operating Leases [Member]
Rights Offering [Member]
Robert Reed [Member]
Rosenthal and Rosenthal, Inc. [Member]
Rosenthal financing agreement [Member]
Rosenthal Line of Credit [Member]
Royalty percentage
Sale of los angeles manufacturing facility [Member]
Sales Merchandising and Demo Intern [Member]
Schedule of Equipment Held for Sale [Table Text Block]
Schedule of Warrant Liability [Table Text Block]
Second Loan [Member]
Second Tranche Warrants [Member]
Secured Convertible Subordinated Non-redeemable Note [Member]
Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Senior vice president [Member]
Separation Agreement [Member]
Separation, Settlement and Release of Claims Agreement [Member]
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]
Gross number of share options (or share units) granted during the period.
The weighted average grant-date fair value of options nonvested granted during the reporting period as calculated by applying the disclosed option pricing methodology.
Share based compensation arrangement by share based payment award options nonvested number of issuable shares grants in period gross.
Share based compensation arrangement by share based payment award options nonvested issuable shares issued in period gross.
Gross number of share options (or share units) issued during the period.
Shares,Vested forfeited or expired.
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Vested forfeited or expired.
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award Shares Issued At Fair Value.
Fair Value Non-vested.
Fair Value, Granted.
Fair Value, Issued.
Share based compensation arrangement by share based payment award options nonvested number of issuable shares.
The weighted average grant-date fair value of options nonvested issued during the reporting period as calculated by applying the disclosed option pricing methodology.
Share based compensation arrangement by share based payment award options outstanding weighted average remaining contractual term ending.
Share based compensation arrangement by share based payment award options vested number of issuable shares.
Single Vendor [Member]
Sonoma sparkler [Member]
Fair value of vested restricted shares granted to Directors for services, shares.
Fair value of vested restricted shares granted to Directors for services.
Stock Options [Member]
Stock Warrants [Member]
Term A [Member]
Term B [Member]
Term Loans [Member]
Third Tranche Warrants [Member]
Thomas Spisak [Member]
Three Accredited Investors [Member]
Two Term Loans [Member]
2015 Compensation Plan [Member]
2015 Plan [Member]
February 15, 2019 [Member]
2017 Compensation Plan [Member]
2017 Incentive Compensation Plan [Member]
Underwriter [Member].
Underwriters Agreement [Member]
Unvested Restricted Common Stock [Member]
Valentin Stalowir [Member]
Vendor [Member]
Vendor One [Member]
Vendor Three [Member]
Vendor Two [Member]
Vest on June 28, 2019 [Member]
Vest on June 28, 2020 [Member]
Vest on October 31, 2019 [Member]
Vested During February 2019 [Member]
Vested During 2018 [Member]
Vested in November 2019 [Member]
Vested Through November 2019 Over 3 Equal Periods [Member]
Vested Through 2019 [Member]
Virgils [Member]
Warrants Eight [Member]
Warrants Eleven [Member]
Warrant Exercise Agreements [Member]
Exercise price per share or per unit of warrants amount reduced.
Warrants Five [Member]
Warrants Four [Member]
It represents warrant liability.
Warrant liability, noncurrent.
Warrants Nine [Member]
Warrants One [Member]
Warrants Seven [Member]
Warrants Six [Member]
Warrants Ten [Member]
Warrants Three [Member]
Warrants Two [Member]
Warrants exercise price one [Member]
Warrants exercise price two [Member]
Warrants [Member]
Winston Stalowir [Member]
Working capital.
Common stock issuable.
Warrant Liability [Text Block]
Stock Warrants [Text Block]
Customer [Member]
Number of shares to be vest during period.
2017 Incentive Compensation Plan [Member]
Consultants Board Members and Former Employees [Member]
John Bello [Member]
Description of listed securities.
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Terms (Years), Exercisable Ending Balance.
Amount of increase to additional paid-in capital (APIC) for recognition of options vested.
Fair value of vested restricted shares issued for services granted.
City National Bank [Member]
Note [Member]
A Director and Two Executive Employees [Member]
Amount of increase (decrease) in allowance for credit loss on accounts receivable.
Stock Warrants [Member]
Four Years from the Date of Grant [Member]
Cares Act [Member]
Assets, Current
Assets
Liabilities, Current
Liabilities
CommonStockIssuable
Liabilities and Equity
Gross Profit
Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Property Plant Equipment
Operating Expenses
Operating Income (Loss)
Interest Expense
Shares, Outstanding
$0.01-$1.99
FairValueOfVestedRestrictedSharesIssuedForServices
Cash paid during the year for:
Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Receivable
Increase (Decrease) in Inventories
Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Expense and Other Assets
Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Payable
Increase (Decrease) in Accrued Liabilities
Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities
Repayments of Lines of Credit
Repayments of Long-term Capital Lease Obligations
Proceeds from Warrant Exercises
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Including Disposal Group and Discontinued Operations
Stock issued during period for rescission offer
Sonoma Sparkler [Member]
Warrants Three [Member]
Term Loan Tables
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage
Legal Proceedings
WarrantLiabilityCurrentAndNoncurrent
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares
SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfIssuableShares
SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedFairValue
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Option, Nonvested, Weighted Average Exercise Price
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Number
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeited in Period
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Number
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Intrinsic Value
Customer One
Sonoma Sparkler [Member] [Default Label]
Cash paid during the year for: [Default Label]
$0.01-$1.99 [Default Label]
Term Loan Tables [Default Label]
ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerms
Warrants Three [Member] [Default Label]
Customer One [Default Label]
Accounts Receivable, Related Parties